Fig. 2

MSCs suppressed the inflammatory reaction and enhanced M2-like polarization in LPS-stimulated macrophages. a The effect of MSCs on inflammatory cytokine levels in RAW264.7 cells that were stimulated with LPS for 24, 48, and 72 h was tested by RT-PCR. b, c The effect of MSCs on inflammatory cytokine levels in RAW264.7 cells that were stimulated with LPS for 24, 48, and 72 h was tested by ELISA and WB. d The effect of MSCs on macrophage phenotypic marker levels in RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages that were stimulated with LPS for 24, 48, and 72 h was tested by flow cytometry. ***p < 0.001 vs. control group; #p < 0.05 vs. LPS group; ##p < 0.01 vs. LPS group; ###p < 0.001 vs. LPS group. (n = 3). ARG-1, arginase-1;ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; h, hours; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; IL-6, interleukin 6; IL-1β, interleukin 1β; IL-10, interleukin 10;LPS: lipopolysaccharide; MFI, mean fluorescence intensity; MSC: mesenchymal stem cell; PMA, peritoneal macrophages; RT-PCR, real-time PCR; TW, trans-well system; WB, Western blot