Fig. 4From: Extracellular matrix derived from human urine-derived stem cells enhances the expansion, adhesion, spreading, and differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cellshPDLSC adhesion to different substrates in serum-free medium. a, b Static conditions. c, d Dynamic conditions. a, c At 1 h after seeding, with non-attached cells removed, the remaining cells on different substrates. Scale bar = 80 μm. b, d The statistical results of cell adhesion rates. All values represent the mean ± SD; *p < 0.05 and p < 0.01Back to article page