Table 2 Meta-analysis of the efficacy of MSC in the therapy of lupus nephritis

ds-DNA

24

< 0.00001

Random

− 29.58 (−41.18, − 17.99)

< 0.00001

ANA

4

< 0.00001

Random

− 70.93 (−104.55, − 37.32)

< 0.0001

Scr

8

< 0.00001

Random

− 8.20 (−12.71, − 3.69)

0.0004

BUN

7

< 0.00001

Random

− 14.57 (−20.50, − 8.64)

< 0.00001

Albumin

2

0.10

Random

7.22 (3.74, 10.69)

< 0.0001

Proteinuria

21

< 0.00001

Random

− 4.26 (−5.15, − 3.37)

< 0.00001

IgM

3

< 0.00001

Random

− 4437.90 (− 12,581.07, 3705.28)

0.29

IL-2

4

< 0.00001

Random

− 50.86 (− 78.76, − 22.96)

0.0004

IL-4

2

< 0.0001

Random

− 92.42 (− 332.33, 147.49)

0.45

IL-6

7

< 0.00001

Random

− 33.55 (− 83.31, 16.21)

0.19

IL-10

6

< 0.00001

Random

− 29.67 (− 68.25, 8.91)

0.13

IL-12

3

< 0.00001

Random

− 328.24 (− 652.20, − 4.29)

0.05

IL-17

5

< 0.00001

Random

− 36.40 (− 65.88, − 6.93)

0.02

TGF-β

3

< 0.00001

Random

− 0.09 (− 2.90, 2.72)

0.95

MCP-1

2

< 0.00001

Random

− 5917.71 (− 17,303.66, 5468.23)

0.31

IFN-γ

4

< 0.00001

Random

− 240.24 (−364.73, − 115.75)

0.0002

TNF-α

6

< 0.00001

Random

− 74.71 (− 167.69, 18.28)

0.12

Th1

3

< 0.00001

Random

− 6.37 (− 13.12, 0.37)

0.06

Th17

4

< 0.00001

Random

− 0.15 (− 0.57, 0.27)

0.48

Foxp3

2

0.09

Random

1.21 (− 0.58, 3.01)

0.19

Treg

3

< 0.00001

Random

4.73 (− 1.51, 10.97)

0.14

Renal sclerosis score

10

< 0.00001

Random

− 1.92 (− 2.66, − 1.18)

< 0.00001