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Fig. 2 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 2

From: PTEN inhibitor VO-OHpic attenuates GC-associated endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction and osteonecrosis of the femoral head via activating Nrf2 signaling and inhibiting mitochondrial apoptosis pathway

Fig. 2

VO-OHpic significantly attenuates MPS-induced apoptosis of EPCs by inhibiting the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. a Flow cytometric analysis of EPCs stained with Annexin V-FITC/PI after treatment with 50-μM MPS with or without 1-μM VO-OHpic for 48 h. b Percentage of apoptosis rates were expressed as means ± SD. c Protein expressions of cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 9, cytochrome C, Bax, Bcl-xL, p-Bad, and Bad were determined by western blot analysis after treatment with 50-μM MPS with or without 1-μM VO-OHpic for 48 h. d Band density ratios of cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 9, cytochrome C, Bax, and Bcl-xL to GAPDH in the western blots were quantified by densitometry. Band density ratios of p-Bad to Bad in the western blots were also quantified by densitometry. d The formation of Bad/Bcl-xL pro-apoptotic complex was detected by immunoprecipitation after treatment for 48 h. f Both Bax and cytochrome C expression and localization were evaluated by immunofluorescence staining, and the mitochondria were stained by the mito-tracker Red. All experiments were repeated for three times; ∗P < 0.05 versus control, #P < 0.05 versus 50-μM MPS group. Error bar represents SD

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Stem Cell Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1757-6512