Fig. 1
Characterization of exosomes from ASCs. a The isolated exosomes were examined using NTA. Scatter plot graphs of exosomes demonstrated the particle size versus light intensity of exosomes (n = 2). b Protein content of exosomes from the same number of normoxia- or hypoxia-preconditioned ASCs was compared (n = 5). c The exosomal markers CD9, TSG101, and Alix in exosomes from ASCs were determined by immunoblotting analysis. Each lane represents an exosomal lysate collected from 1 × 106 ASCs (n = 4). d, e Uptake of ASC-derived exosomes by M1 macrophages. M1 macrophages were incubated with Exo-Green-labeled exosomes at a concentration of 30 μg/ml for the indicated times (n = 3). Merged images display Exo-Green (green) for labeled exosomes and Hoechst 33342 (blue) for nuclei (scale bar, 100 μm) (d). The percentage of exosomal internalization by M1 macrophages was measured using flow cytometry (e). *p < 0.05. NS, not significant