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Fig. 5 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 5

From: Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes stimulate cutaneous wound healing mediates through TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway

Fig. 5

Illustration of hBM-MSC-Ex stimulates cutaneous wound healing by regulating the TGF-β/Smad signal pathway. hBM-MSC-Ex inhibited TGF-β1 and activated TGF-β3 expression; TGF-β isoforms and activins stimulate intracellular signaling via Smad-2/3 transcription factors; phosphorylated Smad-2 and Smad-3 bind to Smad-4 leading to the transcription and expression of α-SMA; inhibitory Smad7 are activated by the binding of the TGF-β super family to the cell surface receptors

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Stem Cell Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1757-6512