Fig. 5

Injection of MSC-derived exosomes significantly reduced the activation of astrocytes. a Immunofluorescence images of astrocytes in pons among YACMJD84.2 mice with exosomal treatment (Exosome-Tg, n = 4), YACMJD84.2 mice without exosomal treatment (Control-Tg, n = 4), and wild-type littermates (Control-Wt, n = 4). The scale bar was 50 μm. b Quantitative analysis of GFAP signal intensity (n = 4). (c) Quantitative analysis of the number of nuclear inclusions stained by 1H9 (n = 4). d Western blot analysis of mutant (Mut) and wild-type (WT) ATXN3 expression among YACMJD84.2 mice with exosomal treatment (Exosome-Tg, n = 4), YACMJD84.2 mice without exosomal treatment (Control-Tg, n = 4), and wild-type littermates (Control-Wt, n = 4) in the cerebellum. e Quantitative analysis of mutant ATXN3 expression. One-way ANOVA analysis; *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001, ****p ≤ 0.0001