Table 3 Adverse effects reported in stem cell groups of included studies
Author year | Study type | Cases | Adverse effects (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
Bang 2005 [11] | RCT | 5 | Foot cellulitis (20%) |
Bhatia 2018 [17] | RCT | 10 | Death (10%), new infarct (10%) |
Chen 2014 [18] | RCT | 15 | None |
Fang 2019 [19] | RCT | 10 | Deep vein thrombosis (10%), death (10%), atrial fibrillation (20%) |
Hess 2017 [20] | RCT | 67 | Death (7.5%), life-threatening adverse events (4.5%), secondary infections (37.3%), halitosis (9.0%), fever and chills (6.0%), nausea and vomiting (3.0%) |
Jin 2017 [21] | RCT | 10 | Death (10%), fever (20%) |
Lee 2010 [22] | RCT | 16 | Death (25%), seizure (18.8%), ischemic stroke (12.5%), coronary heart disease (6.2%), peripheral artery occlusive disease (6.2%), infection (18.8%), liver enzyme elevation (6.2%), benign tumor (6.2%), neuropyschological illness (37.5%) |
Prasad 2014 [23] | RCT | 60 | Death (13.3%), rise in urea (3.3%), hematological (16.7%), hepatic (36.7%), sensorium deterioration (1.7%), pneumonitis (1.7%), fever (1.7%), hyperglycemia (1.7%), limb ischemia (1.7%), frozen shoulder (3.3%), traumatic injury (1.7%), fracture in lower limb (1.7%), nervous system disorder (10%), gastro intestinal disorder (5%) |
Savitz 2019 [24] | RCT | 29 | Edema peripheral (10.3%), fever (10.3%), chest pain (6.9%), musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorder (37.9%), seizure (13.8%), cerebral hemorrhage (6.9%), cerebral accident (3.5%), dizziness (3.5%), cerebral infarction (3.5%), cerebral ischemia (3.5%), visual field defect (3.5%), psychiatric disorders (44.8%), infections (34.5%), vascular disorders (41.4%), investigations (37.9%), gastrointestinal disorders (24.1%), injury, poisoning, and procedural complications (20.7%), respiratory disorders (20.7%), cardiac disorders (17.2%), erythema (20.7%), nutrition disorders (13.8%), blood disorders (10.3%), renal disorders (10.3%) |
Bhasin 2012 [25] | NRS | 12 | None reported |
Bhasin 2013 [26] | NRS | 20 | None reported |
Bhasin 2016 [27] | NRS | 10 | None reported |
Bhasin 2017 [28] | NRS | 6 | Fever (16.7%), pain (33.3%), seizure (16.7), psychological illness (16.7%) |
Ghali 2016 [29] | NRS | 21 | Death (4.8%), renal impairment (4.8%) |
Meng 2009 [30] | NRS | 60 | Fever (15%), headache (10%) |
Moniche 2012 [31] | NRS | 10 | Seizure (20%), fever (50%), infection (30%), depression (50%), insomnia (30%) |