Fig. 3

Optimization of the timing and concentration of small molecule chemicals targeting FGF, RA, and BMP signaling pathways for enriched SANLC differentiation. a The expression of cardiac mesoderm marker (MESP1), cardiac progenitor marker (NKX2-5), and cardiomyocyte marker (TNNT2) at days 3, 4, 5, 7, and 10, respectively, by qRT-PCR (t test, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001 versus day 3; n = 3). b The expression of SHOX2, TBX18, TBX3, HCN4, and TNNT2 was evaluated by qRT-PCR at day 16 after the differentiation of hiPSC-induced cardiomyocytes was treated with BMP4 at the indicated concentrations at day 5–7 (t test, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and NS, not significant versus 0 μM; n = 3). c The expression of SHOX2, TBX18, TBX3, HCN4, and TNNT2 was analyzed by qRT-PCR at day 16 of the differentiation after the induced cardiomyocytes were treated with PD at the indicated concentrations at day 5–7 (t test, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and NS, not significant versus 0 μM; n = 3).d The expression of SHOX2, TBX18, TBX3, HCN4, and TNNT2 was analyzed by qRT-PCR at day 16 of the differentiation after the induced cardiomyocytes were treated with BMS at the indicated concentrations at day 5–7 (t test, *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 versus 0 μM; n = 3). Expression values of all PCR analyses were normalized to the housekeeping gene GAPDH. Data are presented as “mean ± SD”