Fig. 1

Preparation and intervention process of ADSCC-CM combined with hydrogel. a During injection, the hydrogel matrix was broken into small pieces forming a soft hydrogel. When the interference of shear force was eliminated, the structure of hydrogel could be recovered. b–d The gel was liquid before adding the cell culture medium. After mixing with the culture medium at 4 °C for 10 min, the gel could be semi-solid. e–g Four identical wounds of 1.0 × 1.0 cm were prepared for each ear with a punch. The soft hydrogels’ injectable property rendered it practisable to transfer to the injured site. And sterile infusion adhesive tapes were used to restrain ADSCC-CM from flowing out