Fig. 4

Effects of hucMSC-Exo on cell migration. a, b Effect of different concentrations of hucMSC-Exo on the expression of occludin, Vimentin, N-cadherin, and α-SMA in TGF-β2-treated ARPE19 cells. c Typical morphological alteration of ARPE19 cells in the untreated group or in the 10 ng/mL TGF-β2-treated group. d Immunocytochemistry of ARPE19 cells. The cells were fixed with PFA and dyed with primary antibodies against ZO-1, α-SMA, and Vimentin. Scale bar = 20 μm. e Images of cells were recorded 0, 24, and 48 h after a scratch. Scale bar = 50 μm. f Harvested cells were plated on the upper chamber and migrated for an additional 12 h. The migrated cells were recorded under a phase-contrast microscope. Statistics are presented as means ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001