Fig. 2

Increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption during differentiation of S-MSCs into brown adipocytes. S-MSCs were induced to differentiate for the indicated period of time (0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 days) with a brown adipogenic cocktail. A The oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of S-MSCs at various time points after initial stimulation was measured with an XF24 Extracellular Flux Analyzer (d) software and (e) statistically analyzed. The mitochondrial function of differentiated S-MSCs was represented by basal mitochondrial respiration (B), ATP production (C), proton leakage (D), maximal respiratory capacity (E), and spare capacity (F). The data are shown as the mean ± SEM of at least three independent experiments. One-way ANOVA. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 versus the corresponding control; ns indicates not significant