Fig. 3

Effect of ADMSC administration in diabetic NMRI nude mice. a Systematic representation of the experimental design. Three doses of STZ were injected to render the mice diabetic. After attaining blood glucose level above 11.1 mmol/L on day 7, ADMSC were administered with IPR and IVR. a Four experimental groups (n = 11 mice each) are represented in a; control is non-diabetic and non-transplanted mice; STZ is STZ-induced diabetic mice without ADMSC treatment; MSC-IVR is STZ-induced diabetic mice transplanted with ADMSC by intravenous route; MSC-IPR is STZ-induced diabetic mice transplanted with ADMSC by the intrapancreatic route. b The improved blood glucose profile after local transplantation of ADMSC (IPR) compared to the systemic route and STZ only group. c Body weight was measured throughout the experiment. At day 15, substantial variations were observed in the mean body weight of various groups. d The health score calculated from a list of health indicators designed for T1D (Table 2) in distinct groups. The IPR group exhibited a lower score as contrasted to others. e Survival rate remained insignificant for up to 30 days with a tendency of best survival in IPR as opposed to the IVR group. ADMSC, adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells; STZ, streptozotocin; IPR, intrapancreatic route; IVR, intravenous route; no STZ and no MSC, control. Data represent the mean ± SEM, n = 11. Value considered significant at p < 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, and ***p ≤ 0.001. *⁺Comparison between IPR and STZ and *comparison between IPR and IVR