Fig. 8

Catalpol enhanced osteogenesis and angiogenesis in calvarial defects in OVX rats. a–d Western blot analysis of OCN, CD31, and VEGF expression in defect area; e–h Images of immunohistochemical staining of CD31, VEGF, and OCN in the calvarial defect. The data are presented as means ± SEM. All experiments were repeated at least 3 times independently. ^**p < 0.01 vs. SHAM group, ^##p < 0.01 vs. OVX group