Fig. 8

Effect of MSC-Exo on TRAF1, NF-κB, and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in OVA/CFA-induced SSRA in mice. a The protein levels of TRAF1, p-p65, p65, p-PI3K, PI3K, p-AKT, and AKT in lung tissue of different groups were measured by Western blot. b–e All the bands were quantified by ImageJ software. The ratio of TRAF1/β-actin, p-p65/p65, p-PI3K/PI3K, and p-AKT/AKT were displayed. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 3) (^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, ^###p < 0.001 vs. the control group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. the OVA/CFA group)