Fig. 5

Exosomes promoted neurogenesis in the injured spinal cords. a Representative images of DCX and MAP 2 staining in the SCI-exosomes and SCI-control groups. b Quantification of DCX⁺MAP 2⁺ cells in the injured spinal cord. c Immunofluorescence staining of mature neuron cell markers, TUJ1 and NeuN, in the injured spinal cords of SCI-exosomes and SCI-control groups. d Quantification of TUN1⁺NeuN⁺ cells in the injured spinal cords (scale bars 50 μm). e, f Representative images of Tuj1 and GFAP staining in the SCI-exosomes and SCI- control groups (scale bars 250 μm). Data is presented as mean ± SD (n = 6). *p < 0.05 was considered was significantly different