Fig. 3

T-DPSCs exhibited similar functional properties as SMCs. a Contraction assay of the contractility of T-DPSCs in collagen gel. 1, 2, and 3 are three replicates. b The gel diameter was measured and analyzed using ImageJ software after T-DPSC seeding in the gels for 48 h. c Confocal laser microscopy images showed the location of HUVECs and T-DPSCs in sprouting structures. HUVECs and T-DPSCs were labeled with green and red cell tracker dyes, respectively. Scale bar represents 100 μm. d, e T-DPSCs significantly inhibited the sprouting of HUVECs in a 3D spheroid model. Data are mean ± standard error for n = 3 replicates, **p <0.01, ****p <0.0001