Fig. 8
From: Embryonic stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles promote the recovery of kidney injury
Schematic diagram of ESC-EVs promote AKI healing by activating Sox9+ cells. ESC-EV treatment inhibits renal fibrosis, renal tubular injury, and the increase of Scr and BUN levels after AKI. It promotes the proliferation of renal tubular epithelial cells, injured renal angiogenesis, the expression of Sox9 and accelerates the proliferation of Sox9+ cells. The above approaches promote the physiological repair process, inhibit the pathological repair process of the kidney after AKI, and restore the structure and function of the injured kidney