Fig. 4

Proinflammatory immune monocytes/macrophages decreased and anti-inflammatory Treg cells increased in the spleen, bloodstream, lung, and prostate after injection of MSCs and IL-1β-primed MSCs. A Proportion of CD11b⁺ Ly6C^high cells in the spleens, bloodstreams, lungs, and prostates of the saline, MSC, and IL-1β-primed MSC groups by flow cytometry (n = 6 per group). B The proportion of CD4⁺Foxp3⁺ Treg cells in the spleens, bloodstreams, lungs, and prostates of the saline, MSC, and IL-1β-primed MSC groups (n = 6 per group). C The proportion of CD206⁺ CD45⁺F4/80⁺ macrophages in the lungs of the saline, MSC, and IL-1β-primed MSC groups, as determined by flow cytometry. The proportion of CD86⁺ CD45⁺F4/80⁺ macrophages in the lungs of the saline, MSC, and IL-1β-primed MSC groups, as determined by flow cytometry (n = 6 per group). D Inflammatory factor protein expression in the spleens of the saline, MSC, and IL-1β-primed MSC groups by Biolegendplex™ bead-based immunoassays (n = 6 per group). E Expression of inflammatory factors in the bloodstreams of the saline, MSC, and IL-1β-primed MSC groups by Biolegendplex™ bead-based immunoassays (n = 6 per group). Error bars indicate SD. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001