Fig. 3From: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell therapy in atopic dermatitis and chronic urticaria: immunological and clinical viewpointsPossible immunologic roles of MSCs by which therapeutic effects were expected and proven in AD. The numbers marked with asterisks (*) represent the immunologic mechanisms of MSCs in Table 1. Red arrows represent negative regulation, and blue arrows represent positive regulation. Blue text represents the flow of immunopathogenesis. The immunologic roles of MSCs are presented in black text for animal models of allergic conditions other than AD, green text for animal models of AD, and red text for human clinical trialsBack to article page