Fig. 9

Possible mechanism through which sTNFRII-MSC exert better therapeutic efficiency in alleviating the development and severity of CIA in mice. sTNFRII-Fc modification protects MSCs against apoptosis, autophagy and immunogenicity induced by inflammatory environment (TNF-α), in addition to releasing sTNFRII-Fc neutralizing TNF-α to block relevant immune-inflammation cascade