Stem cell-derived and circulating exosomal microRNAs as new potential tools for diabetic nephropathy management

Table 1 Renoprotective Exo-miRs derived from stem cells

Source of stem cell	Exo-miR	In vitro target cell	In vivo clinical effects	Molecular target of Exo-miR	Refs
adMSC	miR-125a	Mesangial cells	Reducing the mesangial hyperplasia, the expansion rate of the mesangial matrix, and kidney fibrosis in DN rats	HDAC1	[107]
ADSC	miR-486	Podocyte	Improving the GFB function in DN mice	Smad1	[118]
	miR-26a-5p	Podocyte	ND	TLR4	[119]
	miR-215-5p	Podocyte	-	ZEB2	[123]
hUSCs	miR-16-5p	Podocyte	Improving the GFB function in DN rats	VEGFA	[130]
BMSCs	miR-let-7a	Podocyte	Improving the GFB function in DN rats	USP22	[136]
	miR-222	Mesangial cells	ND	STAT5	[106]
	miR-125b	Tubular cells	ND	TRAF6	[146]
	miR-let7c	Tubular cells	The reduction of the ECM accumulation and the amelioration of the fibrosis	TGF-β1	[147]

Not defined, ND; Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, adMSCs; adipose-derived stem cells, ADSCs; human urine‐derived stem cells, hUSCs; bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, BMSCs; exosomal microRNA, Exo-miR; Histone deacetylase 1, HDAC1; zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox-2, ZEB2; vascular endothelial growth factor A, VEGFA; signal transducer and activator of transcription 5, STAT5; TNF Receptor Associated Factor 6, TRAF6; toll-like receptor 4, TLR4; transforming growth factor beta 1, TGF-β1

ISSN: 1757-6512