Mesenchymal stem cells-derived therapies for subarachnoid hemorrhage in preclinical rodent models: a meta-analysis

Table 3 Stratified meta-analysis of heterogeneity on neurobehavioral score

Categories	No. of studies	Pooled SMD (95% CI)	p value	Heterogeneity test			Between groups p value
Categories	No. of studies	Pooled SMD (95% CI)	p value	Q statistics	I²	p value	Between groups p value
Anesthetic type							0.006
Pentobarbital	3	− 1.20 (− 2.41, 0.00)	0.05	7.59	74%	0.02
Chloral hydrate	2	− 1.55 (− 4.15, 1.06)	0.24	14.36	93%	0.0002
Isoflurane	3	− 3.47 (− 6.62, − 0.32)	0.03	10.83	82%	0.004
NR	1	− 10.51 (− 15.76, − 5.25)	< 0.0001	NA	NA	NA
Method of SAH							0.47
Autogenous blood	4	− 1.67 (− 3.27, − 0.07)	0.04	20.44	85%	0.0001
Endovascular perforation	5	− 2.42 (− 3.67, − 1.16)	0.0002	15.67	74%	0.003
MSCs species							0.25
Non-xenogeneic	5	− 1.64 (− 2.79, − 0.49)	0.005	18.14	78%	0.001
Xenogeneic	3	− 3.71 (− 7.64, 0.22)	0.06	19.58	90%	< 0.0001
NR	1	− 2.93 (− 4.14, − 1.72)	< 0.00001	NA	NA	NA
MSCs type							0.40
UC-MSC	3	− 3.71 (− 7.64, 0.22)	0.06	19.58	90%	< 0.0001
BM-MSC	6	− 1.96 (− 3.10, − 0.82)	0.0008	27.50	82%	< 0.0001
Therapy type							0.01
MSCs	3	− 0.82 (− 1.46, − 0.19)	0.01	3.58	44%	0.17
MSCs-derived EVs	6	− 3.76 (− 5,92, − 1.60)	0.0006	42.18	88%	< 0.00001
Delivery route							0.005
IV	7	− 3.03 (− 4.57, − 1.50)	0.0001	42.22	86%	< 0.00001
ICV	1	− 0.28 (− 0.98, 0.42)	0.43	NA	NA	NA
IN	1	− 1.09 (− 1.99, − 0.20)	0.02	NA	NA	NA
Administration time							< 0.0001
Pre-SAH	1	− 0.28 (− 0.98, 0.42)	0.43	NA	NA	NA
Post-SAH	7	− 2.10 (− 3.18, − 1.02)	0.0001	30.53	80%	< 0.0001
NR	1	− 10.51 (− 15.76, − 5.25)	< 0.0001	NA	NA	NA
Assessment time							0.007
≤ 72 h	7	− 3.03 (− 4.57, − 1.50)	0.0001	42.22	86%	< 0.00001
> 72 h	2	− 0.64 (− 1.42, 0.15)	0.11	1.96	49%	0.16

SMD standardized mean difference, CI confidence interval, SAH subarachnoid hemorrhage, MSCs mesenchymal stem cells, NR not recorded, UC-MSCs umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, BM-MSCs bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, EVs extracellular vesicles, ICV intracerebroventricular, IV intravenous, IN intranasal, NA not available

ISSN: 1757-6512