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Fig. 6 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 6

From: Exendin-4 and eldecalcitol synergistically promote osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through M2 macrophages polarization via PI3K/AKT pathway

Fig. 6

The combination of Ex-4 and ED-71 regulates macrophages through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to promote osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. A Crystal violet staining showed that the migration of BMSCs was inhibited after adding the small molecule inhibitors LY294002 and ARQ092. B and C ALP staining (B) and AR staining (C) showed that the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs was inhibited after the addition of LY294002 and ARQ092. D The results of crystal violet, ALP and AR staining were quantitatively evaluated. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. CON control, Ex-4 exendin-4, ED-71 eldecalcitol, Ex-4 + ED-71 exendin-4 + eldecalcitol, LY294002 PI3K inhibitor, ARQ092 AKT inhibitor, ALP alkaline phosphatase, AR Alizarin red

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Stem Cell Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1757-6512