Fig. 4

Reduced adult neurogenesis in hippocampus in BCAS2-knockdown mice. A Stereotactic surgery delivering lentivirus into the hippocampal dentate gyrus; the spatial coordinates relative to bregma were for anterior and posterior (AP) = − 2.10 mm; lateral (L) = 1.9 mm; ventral (V) = 3.2 mm. B Diagram of lentivirus-shBCAS2 intracranial injection (mock: lentivirus-GFP as control) at age 6–8 weeks, day 11 for intraperitoneal BrdU administration for 3 consecutive days and day 14 for analysis. C Representative images of Sox2⁺BrdU⁺GFP⁺ cells; Arrows: Sox2⁺BrdU⁺GFP⁺. Scale bar: 100 μm. Approximately 6.7% GFP⁺ cells were located in Sox2⁺-expressing NSCs. Quantification of Ca BrdU⁺, Cb Sox2⁺BrdU⁺, Cc Sox2⁺BrdU⁺/Sox2⁺, Cd Sox2⁺BrdU⁺GFP⁺, and Ce Sox2⁺BrdU⁺GFP⁺/GFP⁺ cells in SGZ. D Ki67⁺ cells in SGZ in BCAS2-knockdown mice (shBCAS2) compared to controls (Mock). Quantification of Da Ki67⁺ and Db GFP⁺Ki67⁺/GFP⁺ cells and E DCX⁺ immature neurons in hippocampal dentate gyrus. Quantification of Ea DCX⁺ immature neurons and Eb percentage of GFP⁺DCX⁺/GFP⁺ cells. Data are mean ± SEM by Student’s t test. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001