Fig. 4

Global identification of target genes modulating the glycometabolic conversion during the endothelial differentiation of PMSCs. A Pie graph from RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) showing the expression profile of glucose metabolism-related genes in induced PMSCs for endothelial differentiation, with upregulated glucose metabolism-related genes and downregulated glucose metabolism-related genes. B The upregulated genes and downregulated genes from RNA-seq analysis. Color scales represent fold changes relative to control cells. C Heat maps of glycometabolic genes in induced PMSCs for endothelial differentiation. Color scales in heat maps represent fold changes relative to the uninduced PMSCs. D–H Quantitation from quantitative RT-PCR (real-time polymerase chain reaction) assays of the glycolysis genes LDHD, HK2, PFKFB2, PFKFB3, and PFKFB4. Data are shown as the mean ± SD from three independent experiments and the representative result is shown. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 by Student’s t test. SD: standard deviation. EC-differentiated PMSC: the induced PMSCs group for endothelial differentiation