Fig. 1

Histologic analysis of fibrotic skin after fat grafting in human and mouse tissues. A Localized scleroderma (white arrows) on the patient’s left forehead before and after fat grafting for one year. B Increased vascularization (white arrows) in the skin lesion after fat grafting. C VISIA images revealed even complexion after grafting. D, E Skin biopsy before and one year after fat grafting. F Subcutaneous and cutaneous adipocyte accumulation (black asterisks) after fat grafting in the patient. G Epididymal fat pads (200 μL) from AdipoqCreER⁺;mT/mG transgenic mice were transferred beneath the skin lesion of the BLM-treated mice. H MT staining of normal or BLM- treated C57 skin. Scale bar = 100 μm. Measurement of I dermal thickness and J dermal fat. K Masson staining of the samples from BLM-treated mice receiving fat graft or PBS treatment. Measurement of L dermal thickness and M dermal fat. N Immunohistochemistry of α-SMA+ in the PBS or fat grafting group. O Semiquantitative analysis of α-SMA+ cells in the skin lesion. P Immunohistochemistry of perilipin in the PBS or fat grafting group. Q Semiquantitative analysis of perilipin+ cells in the skin lesion. (**p < 0.01, n = 5)