Fig. 4

Enhanced glucose uptake relies on the PI3K-AKT signaling. s Immunofluorescence staining of GLUT1 in MSCs. MSCs were stimulated by TNFα and IFNγ for different periods as noted. b GLUT1 expression was quantified by flow cytometry (n = 3) based on the median fluorescence index (MFI). MSCs were stimulated by TNFα and IFNγ for different periods as noted. c, d The uptake of 2-NBDG is measured by flow cytometry. MSCs were pretreated with LY294002 (LY) or triciribine (TCN) for 1 h and then TNFα and IFNγ were added into the medium for 1 h. d The uptake of 2-NBDG is measured by flow cytometry. MSCs were infected by Myr-AKT or dominant-negative AKT (DN-AKT) adenovirus two days before TNFα and IFNγ stimulation. Then MSCs were treated with TNFα and IFNγ for 1 h. Scale bar, 100 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. of triplicates (b–d) ***, p < 0.001