Table 3 Passive targeting of CSCs based on PNP
From: Targeting cancer stem cells with polymer nanoparticles for gastrointestinal cancer treatment
Cancer | Polymers of nanoparticles | Agents | Results | Cell line/model | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gastric cancer | PEG-PLGA | SAL and docetaxel | Developed a new strategy to simultaneously target gastric cancer cells and gastric CSCs | MKN-45 /NCI-N87 | [49] |
| Â | PEG-PLI | miR-34a | A nanoscale stable gene delivery system with low cytotoxicity targeting gastric CSCs was developed | MKN-74 | [50] |
| Â | PEG-PCL | miR-200c and DOC | MiR-200c and DOC were simultaneously delivered to tumor cells and synergistically inhibited the growth of CSCs and non-CSCs | BGC-823 and cancer xenograft mice | [51] |
| Â | PEG-PCL | miR-200c | Nanoparticles loaded with miR-200c can enhance the sensitivity of gastric tumors to radiotherapy by inhibiting CSCs | BGC-823, SGC7901, and MKN-45 | [52] |
Pancreatic cancer | PEG-b-PLA | SAL | SAL-loaded nanoparticles simultaneously inhibit the proliferation and invasion of cancer cells and CSCs | AsPC-1 | [65] |
|  | PLGA | α-mangostin | α-mangostin-PLGA can inhibit the proliferation of pancreatic CSCs and cancer cell lines and the self-renewal capacity of CSCs | AsPC-1, MIA PaCa-2, and PANC-1 cell line | [67] |
| Â | PEG-PLGA | Glabrescione B | Nanoparticles prolong the in vivo circulation time of glabrescione B and exhibit specific activity against CSCs | PANC-1 | [68] |
| Â | PLGA | SAL | SAL-loaded PLGA nanoparticles could be a promising system for the treatment of pancreatic cancer | AsPC-1 and orthotopic pancreatic model | [66] |
Liver cancer | PLGA | DS | In combination with copper, DS-PLGA significantly inhibited the liver CSCs population | Huh7 | [75] |
| Â | PEG-modified LA-SN38 | SAL | The nanoparticles promoted apoptosis of liver cancer cells and reduced the proportion of hepatic CSCs | Human HCC and CDX | [76] |
| Â | Chitosan | DDC | Based on pH differences, the nanoparticles can be used to selectively target cancer cells with minimal impact on normal tissues | Black mouse C57 | [77] |
| Â | Nanodiamonds | Epirubicin | Nanodiamond-mediated epirubicin delivery may serve as an effective approach to overcome chemoresistance in CSCs | Murine hepatoblastoma tumor model | [79] |
| Â | DMPC and C12(EO)23 | NA | HLs have inhibitory effects on the growth of hepatic CSCs populations in vitro | HepG2 | [78] |
Colorectal cancer | Lipid | SN38 and SAL | Nanoparticles loaded with SN38 and SAL are effective against therapy-resistant dormant CSCs and cancer cells | HCT116 | [92] |
| Â | Nanocrystals | SAL | SAL nanocrystals show higher cellular uptake efficiency and tumor accumulation compared to free SAL | HCT116 and HT29 | [93] |
| Â | Cubic iron oxide and thermoresponsive polymer | Dox | A smart nanoplatform that combines both thermal and chemotherapy was produced | Nude mouse xenograft model | [12] |
|  | PLGA | α-mangostin | Mang-NPs can inhibit cancer cell growth, EMT, and the number of CSCs by inhibiting the Notch pathway | HCT116/HT29 | [94] |