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Fig. 3 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 3

From: Pathological mechanisms of neuroimmune response and multitarget disease-modifying therapies of mesenchymal stem cells in Parkinson’s disease

Fig. 3

Neuroimmune microenvironment in PD. The neuroimmune microenvironment of PD is composed of several major factors, including a persistent inflammatory response (1), activated microglia (2), a balance disorder between Teffs and Tregs (3,4), and dopaminergic neurodegeneration (5), all of which contribute to the occurrence and progression of the disease through their interactive regulation. The images in this Figure were downloaded from ProteinLounge.com with permission to use them

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Stem Cell Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1757-6512