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Fig. 6 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 6

From: Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound promotes mesenchymal stem cell transplantation-based articular cartilage regeneration via inhibiting the TNF signaling pathway

Fig. 6

Validation of LIPUS and hUC-MSC-based cartilage regeneration in vivo. a Top—the ultrasound stimulation system for in vivo LIPUS stimulation on the rat knee joint. Bottom—partially enlarged photograph of the experiment setup. b Bright-field photography showing the appearance of rat knee joint samples after LIPUS stimulation for 2, 4, and 6 weeks; scale bar: 1 mm. In each group, left—overall view of the knee joint, right—partially enlarged photograph of the defect area. c Respective H&E staining and Safranin O-fast green staining of the paraffin sections of the knee joint defect showing the healing effect of LIPUS stimulation; scale bars: 500 μm for H&E staining and 200 μm for Safranin O-fast green staining, respectively. d Representative immunohistochemistry images of COL-II, TNF-α, and CD44 of the knee joint defect in rats after 6 weeks of LIPUS stimulation; scale bar: 500 μm. e Representative H&E staining images of major organs in rats after 6 weeks of LIPUS stimulation; scale bar: 500 μm

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Stem Cell Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1757-6512