Fig. 1

Schematic overview of the currently available brain organoid models representing different regions of the human developing central nervous system. The CNS is represented by the forebrain (in dark and light brown), midbrain (green), hindbrain (orange), and spinal Cord (pink). Below each region, the available organoid models are listed with bullet points. Forebrain organoid protocols are subcategorised under telencephalon (dark brown) and diencephalon (light brown) based on the origins of their respective structures. In the forebrain coronary section, the hippocampus is bilaterally depicted with dashed lines in the telencephalon hemispheres. Lining the ventricles is the choroid plexus epithelium (grey line). In the diencephalon, thalamus and hypothalamus are indicated by dashed lines