Table 1 Gene modification of stem cells in the treatment of liver diseases
References | Result | Experimental model | Animal model | Administration method | Gene editing method | Dosage | Cell source | Gene |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ma et al. | Better homing of MSCs, improve hepatocyte proliferation via hepatocyte-generating factors (HGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), leading to reduced mortality and improved liver regeneration | Acute liver failure | Mice | Intravenously | Lentiviral transduction | 1 × 106 | Bone marrow | CXCR-4 |
Wang et al. | Reducing hepatic activity index (HAI) scores | Acute liver failure | Rat | Intravenously | Lentiviral transduction | 1 × 105 | Bone marrow | C-Met |
Ma et al. | Upregulated expression of platelet‐derived growth factor D, promoting angiogenesis | Fibrosis | Rat | Intravenously | Adenovirus transfection system | 400 µg of protein | Exosome-umbilical cord | AKT |
Jin et al. | Increasing mRNA and protein levels of ALB, CK18, and HNF4a Better survival, and enhancing the differentiation into hepatocytes-like cells | Cirrhosis | Rat | Intravenously | Adeno-associated virus | 1 × 105 | Bone marrow | BCL2 |
Zhang et a.l | Increasing protein and mRNA levels of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α | Cirrhosis | Rat | Intravenously | Adenovirus transfection system | 1 × 106 | Bone marrow | HGF |
Tang et al. | Downregulating Bax and TNFα Upregulating Bcl2 | Acute liver failure | Mice | Intravenously | Adenovirus transfection system | 1 × 106 | Umbilical cord | HGF |
Wang et al. | Increasing PCNA and EpCAM, ameliorating engraftment | Cirrhosis | Rat | Intravenously | Lentiviral transduction | Bone marrow | FGF | |
Fiore et al. | Upregulating PCNA mRNA, Reducing collagen deposition | Fibrosis | Mice | Intravenously | Adenovirus transfection system | 5 × 105 | Bone marrow | IGF-I |
Fiore et al. | Increasing hMø, anti-fibrotic activities Downregulating pro-inflammatory markers expression | Fibrosis | Mice | Intravenously | Adenovirus transfection system | 5 × 105 | Bone marrow | IGF-I |
Kim et al. | Improving ATP production, mitochondrial biogenesis, and metabolism Better engraftment into damaged area | Cirrhosis | Rat | Intravenously | Lentiviral transduction | 2 × 106 | Placenta | PRL-1 |
Zheng et al. | Downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines Better MSCs migration and differentiation Preventing apoptosis | Fulminant hepatic failure | Rat | Intravenously | Lentiviral transduction | 1 × 105 | Amniotic fluid | IL-1RA |
Ye et al. | Enhancing nitric oxide synthase expression Improving the anti-inflammatory properties | Cirrhosis | Mice | Intravenously | Adenovirus transfection system | 1 × 106 | Bone marrow | HNF4α |
Yu et al. | Increasing IL-10 secretion levels, advancing polarization of Kupffer cells to the M2 phenotype Decreasing TNF-α and IL-1β levels | Acute liver failure | Mice | Intravenously | Lentiviral transduction | 2 × 10 6 | umbilical cord | HNF4α |
Ma et al. | Decrease in the ratio of CXCL1, IL-1β, and IL-6 Improving liver regeneration, survival rate, and fewer inflammatory cytokines | Acute liver failure | Mice | Intravenously | Lentiviral transduction | 1 × 106 | Bone marrow | IL-1β |
Su et al. | Reducing TGF-β1, α-SMA, TIMP-1, TGFBR1, laminin and hyaluronic acid mRNA level Diminishing collagen I, III | Cirrhosis | Mice | Intravenously | Lentiviral transduction | 1 × 106 | Bone marrow | SMAD7 |