Fig. 4

MSC treatment alleviates epidermal barrier dysfunction induced by DNCB application. a Gene expression of skin barrier function-related genes in dorsal skin tissue sections based on RNA seq. p16 and p21 are related to senescence; Flg and Flg2 are related to filaggrin metabolism; Cldn3 and Cldn23 participate in epidermal tight junctions; Tgm3 forms cornified envelope; Klk14 contributes to corneocyte desquamation; Elovl3, Elovl4, Elovl5, Elovl6, Sgms2 and Cers4 are involved in lipid metabolism. Significant differences compared with DNCB group were identified by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test. b GSEA analysis of dorsal skin tissue section RNA seq data performed for KEGG pathways Staphylococcus aureus infection, bacterial invasion of epithelial cells, Measles, Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection and human cytomegalovirus infection. c Heatmap of the transcriptome values for Sprr1b, Sprr2a1, Sprr2a2 and Sprr2a3. d Heatmap of the transcriptome values for the Lce3 family (genes a to f). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001