Table 2 In vitro generation of immortalized red blood cell line using controlled exogenous gene expression-based approaches

Hirose et al. [79]

Lentiviral vector

c-MYC or BCL-XL

DOX-inducible

Neonatal dermal fibroblasts,

ESCs/iPSCs

 ~ 6 months

γ- > β-globin

In vitro: 0.36%;

PB

In vivo: > 90%

Huang et al. [83]

Retroviral vector

OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, c-MYC and shRNA antiTP53

No

UCB

ESCs

 ~ 3 months

γ- > β-globin

 ~ 30%

Geiler et al. [85]

PiggyBac transposon vector and a helper plasmid encoding the transposase

SPI-1

No

PB

CD34+ and CD34−

 ~ 1.5 months

–

–

Lee et al. [87]

Lentiviral vector

c-MYC or BCL-XL

No

PB

CD71 + CD235+

N.R

N.R

N.R

Couch et al. [89]

CRISPR/Cas9 system

Mutations into exon 17 of the KIT gene

No

–

HUDEP-2 cell line

8 months

Amount of γ-/β-globin-type mutation related

 < 10%