Fig. 7

Representation of the treated limbs showing the progression of ischemic ulcer/gangrene throughout 6-month follow-up. Patient 3: a 41-year-old man with thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO), Rutherford IV presented with non-healing ulcers on the ankle and lateral midfoot healed completely at 6 months after P-MSC implantation. Patient 4: a 55-year-old man with TAO presented with gangrene of the first and second toes, and a history of amputation of the 3th and 4th toes showed clear healing of ischemic necrosis on foot after amputation at 6 months after P-MSC implantation. Patient 7: A 66-year-old men, TAO with Rutherford-III, initially advanced gangrene and wound infection who diagnosed as needing major amputation, get minor amputation after cellular therapy and whole ulcer surface measurement was largely decreased at 6 months after P-MSC implantation. Patient 9: a 62-year-old man with Rutherford IV (TAO) presented with non-healing ulcers at dorsum of the foot and gangrene of the toe, showed clear healing of ulcer. Gangrene did not progress during the 6-month follow-up