Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study variables between all patients in each group
Variable | MSC group (n = 11) Mortality (n = 3) | MSC + EV group (n = 8) Mortality (n = 0) | Control group (n = 24) Mortality (n = 8) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | ||||
Age | 50 ± 12.48 | 47.75 ± 12.72 | 49.4 ± 11.87 | 0.993a |
Male (%) | 10 (90.9) | 5 (62.5) | 16 (66.7) | 0.208b |
Having comorbidities (%) | 5 (45.5) | 3 (37.5) | 11 (45.83) | 0.854b |
CBC data | ||||
WBC count (× 103) | 11.67 ± 4.58 | 13.04 ± 9.88 | 10.03 ± 9.26 | 0.176c |
Lymphocyte (%) | 9.92 ± 3.9 | 8.17 ± 3.3 | 13.42 ± 8.88 | 0.221c |
Hemoglobin (mg/dl) | 14.03 ± 1.87 | 13.15 ± 3.26 | 12.2 ± 2.18 | 0.109c |
Platelet count (× 103) | 262 ± 95.95 | 215.87 ± 84.44 | 266 ± 178.7 | 0.657c |
PT (s) | 12.93 ± 0.67 | 13.52 ± 1.67 | 14.42 ± 2.45 | 0.129c |
PTT (s) | 42.11 ± 11.38 | 35.14 ± 8.43 | 40.2 ± 6.88 | 0.224c |
Biochemistry data | ||||
BUN (mg/dl) | 40.6 ± 18.6 | 33.57 ± 14.62 | 48.85 ± 32.47 | 0.402c |
Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.06 ± 0.22 | 0.9 ± 0.18 | 1.2 ± 0.55 | 0.224c |
AST (U/L) | 39.7 ± 41.25 | 37.6 ± 7.02 | 56.12 ± 44.86 | 0.143c |
ALT (U/L) | 59.3 ± 65.4 | 46.2 ± 33.6 | 48 ± 43.45 | 0.897c |
Alkp (IU/L) | 169.67 ± 36.36 | 135.2 ± 38 | 206.43 ± 115.42 | 0.106c |
Bilirubin (mg/dl) | 0.75 ± 0.22 | 0.68 ± 0.3 | 1 ± 0.8 | 0.803c |
Arterial blood gas data | ||||
pH | 7.4 ± 0.06 | 7.37 ± 0.12 | 7.37 ± 0.09 | 0.696c |
PCO2 (mmHg) | 46.92 ± 11.15 | 42.8 ± 3.12 | 45.22 ± 15.2 | 0.739c |
HCO3 (meq/L) | 28.02 ± 4.43 | 30.4 ± 4.72 | 26.43 ± 6.67 | 0.211c |
O2 saturation (%) | 81.9 ± 10.94 | 75.7 ± 6.9 | 87.81 ± 8.4 | 0.017c |
Inflammatory markers | ||||
Interleukin-6 (pg/ml) | 184.53 ± 71.69 | 207.15 ± 38.93 | 128.2 ± 85.8 | 0.18c |
TNF alpha (pg/ml) | 26.62 ± 11.1 | 24.2 ± 10.43 | 22.45 ± 9.54 | 0.792c |
IFN-gamma (pg/ml) | 126.62 ± 66.9 | 177.85 ± 53.02 | 125.7 ± 27.5 | 0.183c |
CRP (mg/L) | 36.11 ± 13.7 | 25.3 ± 10.2 | 30.2 ± 13.2 | 0.227c |
Clinical symptoms | ||||
Cough (%) | 6 (54.5) | 1 (12.5) | 22 (91.7) | < 0.001b |
Dyspnea (%) | 11 (100) | 7 (87.5) | 22 (91.7) | 0.53b |
Diarrhea (%) | 1 (9.1) | - | 3 (12.5) | 0.862b |
Medications | ||||
IV Dexamethasone (8Â mg/day) | 8 (72.7) | 6 (75) | 19 (79.2) | 0.460b |
Oral Prednisolone (0.5Â mg/kg/day) | 3 (27.3) | 2 (25) | 5 (20.8) | 0.552b |
Subcutaneous Enoxaparin (40Â mg/day) | 7 (63.6) | 5 (62.5) | 17 (70.8) | 0.124b |
Subcutaneous Heparin 5000UI (TDS) | 4 (36.4) | 3 (37.5) | 7 (29.2) | 0.206b |
IV Remdesivir (200Â mg at 1st and 100Â mg at 2nd and 3rd day) | 2 (18.2) | 1 (12.5) | 5 (20.8) | 0.380b |
Hospital information | ||||
Hospitalization | 14.75 ± 6.79 | 20.75 ± 10.11 | 14.23 ± 19.55 | 0.634a |
ICU stay | 7.75 ± 5.09 | 14.5 ± 10.55 | 10.9 ± 9.90 | 0.355a |