Fig. 1

WJ-Muse have biological advantages in comparison with BM-Muse. A Proportion of Muse cells among the BM-MSC or the WJ-MSC population, before and after amplification until passage 7 of culture. B Comparison of the cumulative population doubling levels (CPDL) of BM-MSC and WJ-MSC between passage 3 and passage 8 of culture. Data are represented with means ± SEM. C Representative flow analysis of CD45 (hematopoietic marker) and CD105 (MSC marker) in BM-Muse and WJ-Muse cells. D mRNA expression by RT-qPCR of Sox2, Nanog and Oct3/4 in WJ-Muse compared to BM-Muse. Data are represented with means ± SEM, *p < 0.05 (two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test). E Adipogenic, osteogenic and epithelial differentiation of BM-Muse and WJ-Muse. Upper images: morphological features of BM-Muse and WJ-Muse are illustrated before and after differentiation. Adipocyte cells are stained with oil Red O; osteocyte cells are immunostained with osteocalcin (red) and counterstained with Dapi (blue); Lower histograms: epithelial differentiation was shown in BM-Muse and WJ-Muse with mRNA expression of cytokeratin18 (CK18) and occluding (OCLN) with or without retinoic acid treatment. F Comparative analysis of biological processes occurring in BM-Muse and WJ-Muse cells, identified by proteomic analysis