Table 3 Baseline characteristics of participants

Glycated hemoglobin A_1c (%) at the start of the study

 Mean ± SD

7.83 ± 1.95

6.51 ± 0.59

7.26 ± 1.50

 Median

7.8

6.4

7.2

 Min/max

5.9/9.8

5.8/7.4

5.8/8.8

Lipid profile at the start of the study

Total cholesterol

 Mean ± SD

139 ± 29.70

160.4 ± 18.37

128.8 ± 27.30

 Median

139

155.7

133.8

 Min/max

118/160

139/184

88.30/164.3

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol

 Mean ± SD

38 ± 5.65

41.67 ± 13.22

43.14/15.57

 Median

38

44.90

40.70

 Min/max

31/42

25/58.20

24.30/67.40

Triglycerides

 Mean ± SD

146.5 ± 3.53

221.8 ± 165.3

162.4 ± 71.98

 Median

146.5

157.3

148.1

 Min/max

144/149

75.20/442

98.20/274.6

Basal Rutherford classification

 Stage 2, n (%)

–

1 (14)

–

 Stage 3, n (%)

–

–

1 (16)

 Stage 4, n (%)

2 (22)

–

2 (34)

 Stage 5, n (%)

7 (78)

6 (86)

2 (34)

 Stage 6, n (%)

–

–

1 (16)

Basal TcPO₂ (mmHg)

 Mean ± SD

16.89 ± 9.88

8.28 ± 5.25

15 ± 9.35

 Median

19

7

13

 Min/max

4/30

4/18

6/28

Basal presence of ulcers (cm²)

 n (%)

8 (89)

6 (86)

5 (84)

 Mean ± SD

1.643 ± 1.064

3.22 ± 3.63

7.95 ± 15.20

 Median

1.735

2.57

1.5

 Min/max

0.3/2.8

0.07/10.03

0.42/35.12

Basal visual pain scale

 Mean ± SD

8.66 ± 2.29

4.28 ± 3.49

8.25/0.95

 Median

10

4

8.5

 Min/max

3/10

0/9

7/9

Basal pain-free walking distance (meters)

 Mean ± SD

28.33 ± 40.77

445.7 ± 544.6

12.50 ± 25

 Median

10

100

0

 Min/max

0/100

20/1500

0/50

Basal quality of life

 Mean ± SD

8.70 ± 0.67

12.29 ± 2.43

10 ± 1.29

 Median

9

12

10

 Min/max

8/10

9/15

8/12