Fig. 7

Effect of Trolox on ERK pathway and stemness-genes expression of hDPSCs during OB differentiation. A Representative immunoblotting for protein expression and phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 during OB differentiation of hDPSCs ± 500 μM Trolox (administered since the induction start) at 7, 14 and 21 days; full-length blots are presented in Additional file 1: Fig. S7. β-actin was used as loading control. Lower panel: densitometric analysis displaying the phospho-ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204)/ERK1/2 ratio (normalized to β-actin), expressed as mean ± SEM of three independent experiments; #P < 0.05; ##P < 0.001; ###P < 0.0001 versus undifferentiated control (0 day); ***P < 0.001 Trolox-treated versus respective untreated. B q-RT-PCR evaluation of Nanog and Lin28 gene expression following Trolox treatment in hDPSCs at the indicated time-points post OB induction; the bar values are fold changes of the relative expression of Trolox treated cells compared to untreated cells. Data are means ± SEM of GAPDH-normalized transcript levels of 3 independent biological experiment under each condition. **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.005