Fig. 1

hBM-MSCs viability and morphology in the topographical substrates. A Laser confocal scanning 3D images of the grooves, roughness and spiral patterns PS films. Scale bar 50 µm. B Representative immunofluorescence images of hBM-MSCs cultured for 5 days in reduced serum (2% FBS) on the geometrical substrates and tissue culture plastic (TCP). The cytoskeleton of the cells was stained with actin red (red) and the nuclei with Hoechst (blue). Scale bar 100 µm. C Elongation of four different hBM-MSCs donors cultured in the topographic substrates. D PrestoBlue viability assay of four different hBM-MSCs donors quantified as relative fluorescence units per cell, relative to the control (TCP). Error bars depict the mean ± SEM of 3 independent experiments with n = 3–4 samples. One-way ANOVA. Asterisk (*) represent p-values < 0.05, (**) p-values < 0.01, (***) p-values < 0.001 and (****) p-values < 0.0001