Fig. 3

Metabolic activity of hBM-MSCs cultured in topographical substrates. A Metabolic profile of hBM-MSCs cultured in grooved and high-wettability substrates. Cells were cultured for 24 h in reduced serum media (2% FBS) and the OCR was evaluated with the Mito Stress Assay using the Agilent Seahorse XF technology. B Energy map showing metabolic phenotype of cells cultured in the topographical substrates. C OCR at basal level, relative to TCP control. Data are presented for the four hBM-MSCs donors 182, 271, 263 and 267 (top to bottom). Error bars depict the mean ± SEM of 3 independent experiments with n = 2 samples. Asterisk (*) represent p-values < 0.05, (**) p-values < 0.01, (***) p-values < 0.001 and (****) p-values < 0.0001