Fig. 2

Characteristics of control hASCs cultured in high- or low-glucose conditions. A Cumulative population doubling of hASCs revealed a lower proliferative activity when cultured in HG condition, and the cell growth could be enhanced after shifting to LG condition at day 35 (arrow). B Proliferative activity estimated by BrdU incorporation showed faster growth of hASCs in the 35H14L and 49L groups. C Cytotoxicity of hASCs in the serum-free condition determined by the LDH efflux assay. D SA-β-gal staining of hASCs and their quantification in five randomly selected power fields. Scale bar = 100 μm. E Cell migration of hASCs evaluated by in vitro scratch assay at different time points. Scale bar = 100 μm. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 relative to the 49H group; ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01 between the indicated groups. BrdU 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine, hASC human adipose-derived stem cell, HG high glucose, LG low glucose, hpf high-power field, SA-β-gal senescence-associated β-galactosidase, 49H 49 days of high-glucose condition, 49L 49 days of low-glucose condition, 35H14L 35 days of high-glucose condition followed by 14 days of low-glucose condition