Fig. 4

Expression of angiogenic growth factors in dbASCs under high-glucose (dbHG) and low-glucose (dbLG) conditions. A Evaluation of angiogenesis‑related gene expression by quantitative RT-PCR, including FGF2, VEGF, and HGF. Values are normalized by GAPDH expression level and plotted as relative quantity to the dbHG group. *p < 0.05 relative to dbHG. B ELISA showed significantly higher concentration of HGF in CM-dbLG. *p < 0.05 relative to CM-dbHG. C BrdU assay demonstrated enhanced proliferative activity of HUVECs incubated in CM-dbLG. **p < 0.01 relative to CM-dbHG. D In vitro tube formation of HUVECs. HUVECs cultured in endothelial growth medium 2 (EGM2) served as positive controls, and those in endothelial basal medium 2 (EBM2) were negative controls. Scale bar = 500 μm. Branching nodes, junctions and segments per power field were compared among different groups except the positive control. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 relative to control; ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01 between the indicated groups. E In vitro scratch assay of human dermal fibroblasts. Red dotted lines represent the initial borders of the cell-free zone. Scale bar = 200 μm. Quantification of the wound closure percentage of fibroblasts was shown. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 relative to CM-dbHG. dbASC murine ASCs from db/db mice, CM-dbHG conditioned medium from dbASCs cultured in HG condition, CM-dbLG conditioned medium from dbASCs cultured in LG condition, HUVEC human umbilical vein endothelial cell