Fig. 4
From: Vascular organoids: unveiling advantages, applications, challenges, and disease modelling strategies
Utilizing Patient-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) for In Vitro Disease Modelling of Vascular Complications. The figure showcases the application of patient-derived iPSCs in the in vitro modelling of vascular complications. (1) Patient-derived iPSCs are differentiated into blood vessel organoids comprising all vascular cell types. CRISPR-Cas9 technology allows the generation of isogenic iPSC control lines by repairing mutations or introducing patient-specific gene editions or other genes of interest. (2) By comparing these intact blood vessels from individuals with vascular diseases to healthy controls, researchers can identify the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the disease phenotype. (3) These vascular organoids serve as valuable tools for in vitro disease modelling of specific vascular complications and can be utilized in high-throughput drug screening to discover novel therapeutic agents, facilitating pre-clinical and/or clinical trials