Endothelial progenitor cells as biomarkers of diabetes-related cardiovascular complications

Table 2 Studies analysing EPCs levels in DM patients with PAD and CLI

Author (year)	DM	EPCs phenotypes	EPCs number	Control	References
Bitterli, L (2016)	DM	cEPCs: CD34⁺ KDR⁺	↓PAD with and wo DM	HC	[133]
Delva, P (2008)	DM	cEPCs: CD34⁺ cEPCs: CD34⁺ CD133⁺ ECFCs: CD34⁺ CD31⁺ CD144⁺	↓PAD with and wo DM ↓PAD with and wo DM ↑PAD with and wo DM	HC	[132]
Fadini, GP (2006)	T2DM	cEPCs: CD34⁺ KDR⁺ cEPCs: CD133⁺ KDR⁺ cEPCs: CD34⁺CD133⁺ KDR⁺	↓DM-PAD	DM	[134]
Krutikov, A (2009)	DM	EPCs: CD34⁺ CD133⁺ EPCs: CD34⁺ CD133⁺ KDR⁺	↑DM-PAD	DM	[135]
Chen, MC (2009)	T2DM	cEPCs: CD133⁺ KDR-1⁺	↓DM	HC and DM-CLI	[136]
Hayek, SS (2016)	DM	PCs: CD34⁺ PCs: CD34⁺/KDR⁺	↓CAD and PAD ↓CAD and PAD	CAD	[137]
Spinetti, G (2013)	T2DM	PCs: CD34⁺ CD14⁺ CD45^dim KDR⁺ CXCR4⁺	↓DM and CLI-DM	HC	[109]

DM diabetes mellitus, T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus, cEPCs circulating endothelial progenitor cells, EPCs endothelial progenitor cells, PCs circulating progenitor cells, PAD peripheral artery disease, CAD coronary artery disease, CLI critical limb ischemia, DNeu neuropathy,: healthy control

ISSN: 1757-6512