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Fig. 4 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 4

From: Oral ulcer treatment using human tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated in trimethyl chitosan hydrogel: an animal model study

Fig. 4

Analysis of the anti-inflammation effects of macrophage polarization using RT-PCR. The anti-inflammatory effects were analyzed using macrophage polarization markers through RT-PCR in control, hTMSCs, Hydrogel, and the combined treatment group (Hydrogel + hTMSCs). iNOS and CCL5 were used as markers for M1, which is a pro-inflammatory cytokine, while ARG-1 and CCL17 were used as markers for M2, which is an anti-inflammatory cytokine. P values are indicated as *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ****P < 0.0001 by One-way ANOVA-Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (n = 3)

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Stem Cell Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1757-6512