Figure 4From: Thrombin promotes fibronectin secretion by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via the protease-activated receptor mediated signalling pathwaysThrombin induced the activation of ERK 1/2 and NFκB signalling in MSCs. MSCs were pre-treated with thrombin (4 U/ml) and collected at the indicated time points for western blotting analysis on the phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 and NFκB p65. The Hela cell line treated with TNF-alpha was used as the positive control. GAPDH was served as the internal reference. The results here are representative of three individual experiments. MSCs, Mesenchymal stem cells; NFκB, Nuclear factor kappa B.Back to article page