Human adipose tissue-resident monocytes exhibit an endothelial-like phenotype and display angiogenic properties

Table 3 Secretion of growth factors by SVF-derived MSC, SVF CD14 ⁺ cells, and PB monocytes

	Ang-2	VEGF	HGF	bFGF	G-CSF	GM-CSF
SVF-derived MSCs	1,642 ± 1,157	329 ± 69	12,602 ± 1,492	21 ± 3	70 ± 13	3.2 ± 1.2
PB-positive selected monocytes
Condition 1	200 ± 35	40 ± 5	7 ± 1	12 ± 5	0.6 ± 0.2	1.9 ± 0.2
Condition 2	186 ± 78	52 ± 25	20 ± 19	12 ± 2	7.4 ± 2.2	15 ± 4
Condition 3	278 ± 18	48 ± 15	137 ± 35	25 ± 2	3.4 ± 1.2	5 ± 2
Co-cultured with MSCs	26 ± 9*	210 ± 49	155 ± 71*	34 ± 4	4,188 ± 2,001*	957 ± 552*
PB-untouched monocytes
Condition 1	229 ± 36	46 ± 36	9 ± 1	11 ± 2	0.7 ± 0.3	1.5 ± 0.7
Condition 2	215 ± 142	54 ± 43	28 ± 23	16 ± 6	33 ± 7^†	18 ± 8
Condition 3	216 ± 25^†	61 ± 16	163 ± 75	18 ± 3	4.7 ± 1.4	4.3 ± 1.7
Co-cultured with MSCs	25 ± 9*	197 ± 96	134 ± 47*	27 ± 5^†	4,321 ± 2,529*	878 ± 514*
SVF CD14 ⁺ cells
Condition 2	220 ± 123*	1,733 ± 193*	18 ± 8*	580 ± 199*	30,895 ± 6,699*	4,017 ± 791*
Condition 3	176 ± 96*^‡	916 ± 164*^†	13 ± 4*^‡	341 ± 121*^†‡	5,555 ± 3,986*^†	1,782 ± 1,001*^†

Cells derived from adipose tissue or PB monocytes were cultured as described in Methods, and the 72-hours conditioned media were analyzed by Luminex Screening Assays to determine the secretion of selected growth factors. Condition 1, RPMI with autologous plasma; condition 2, EBM-2 with FBS; and condition 3, EGM-2MV with FBS and then switched to EBM-2 with FBS. Values are expressed as mean ± SD pg of the secreted factor normalized to 10⁶ cells. SVF from six different donors were used to generate MSCs. SVF CD14⁺ cells were isolated from the same SVF samples; PB monocytes were obtained from four different donors, and were co-cultured with MSCs derived from four different donors. Statistical significance: SVF CD14⁺ cells or PB monocytes versus SVF-derived MSCs, *P < 0.0001; SVF CD14⁺ cells cultured in condition 2 versus SVF CD14⁺ cells cultured in condition 3, and PB-positive selected monocytes versus PB untouched monocytes: cultured in condition 2 or cultured in condition 3, ^†P < 0.0001; SVF CD14⁺ cells versus PB monocytes co-cultured with MSCs, ^‡P < 0.0001.

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