Fig. 1
From: Noninvasive in-vivo tracing and imaging of transplanted stem cells for liver regeneration
Schematic of direct labeling techniques for intrahepatic stem cell tracing. Stem cells are incubated with different tracer agents that enter the cells through various mechanisms, such as passive transport (fluorescent dyes, 111In-oxine, 99mTc), endocytosis (SIPO), and uptake transporter (18F-FDG). Fluorescent dyes can respectively bind to the cell nucleus, membrane, or cytoplasm. Magnetofection and MEP are two methods for intracytoplasmatic magnetic labeling using SPIO. Tagged stem cells can be detected by imaging equipments, such as fluorescent microscope, MRI, PET, or SPECT. TA transfection agent, SPIO superparamagnetic iron oxides, 18 F-FDG 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose, MEP magnetoelectroporation, DAPI 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, BrdU 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine, DiR 1,1-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide, CFSE carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl amino ester